• La estructura de la teoría de la selección natural. Elucidación de sus conceptos fundamentales, reconstrucción de su estructura y consecuencias del análisis sobre algunas discusiones metateóricas a su alrededor. Descargar.

Tesis doctoral defendida en marzo de 2011 en la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad de Buenos Aires.

Director: Pablo Lorenzano

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Es posible acceder a la versión online del libro de Gustavo Caponi, La segunda agenda darwiniana – Contribución preliminar a la historia del programa adaptacionista. Descargar.

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Contratapa:

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(Universidade de Brasília, 8-10 de junho de 2011)

Descargar programa

La organización de la sesión corrió a cargo de Maximiliano Martínez (UAM-C) y será presidida por Ana Barahona (UNAM). Estos son los participantes de la mesa y sus presentaciones:

The Philosophy and the History of Biology from Latin America.

The main aim of this session is to present the current developments and contributions to the philosophy and the history of biology originating in different institutions and countries in Latin America. We will discuss several topics such as constraints and evolution, functions, evolution of morality, primatology, human sexuality, Darwinian populations, the Mexican mestizo, etc.

Speakers:

Paulo Abrantes. University of Brasilia

 Culture and transitions in individuality: Some “major” evolutionary transitions have been described as transitions in individuality, meaning that one can identify a new kind of population, characterized by new modalities of reproduction, among other relevant parameters that shape a Darwinian dynamics. Using Godfrey-Smith`s categorization, this transition is fully accomplished when a new “paradigmatic” Darwinian population emerges. In the case we have a population inside another population, this transition takes place at several levels at the same time, and the lower level population usually changes its status from `paradigmatic` to `marginal’. This process of “de-darwinization” is followed by a suppression of variation as well as by changes in the way reproduction is accomplished in each level. The process of de-darwinization of the population of cells in single organisms is a well-known case. In this talk, I want to investigate whether it is fruitful to describe some important aspects of the evolution in the hominid lineage as transitions of this kind. Accounts such as Richerson & Boyd`s highlight the evolution of a new modality of inheritance and presuppose that selection at the level of human cultural groups is strong enough and a key factor in bringing about large scale cooperation. Biases like conformism (besides other factors, such as moralistic punishment, symbolic markers etc.) suppress behavioral variation inside the group and, at the same time, increase variation between cultural groups. This might be described as a transition towards a new kind of Darwinian population.

 Alba Perez-Ruiz. Centro de Estudios Filosóficos Políticos y Sociales Vicente Lombrado Toledano.

The Development of the Concept of Reconciliation in Primatology: The concept of reconciliation in primatology emerged in the late seventies, from observations focusing on the social behavior in chimpanzees. These first documentation of the concept led to a first systematic investigation of reconciliatory behavior. This pioneering work was instrumental in advancing the study of simple scientific descriptions of post-conflict friendly meetings to the systematic study of conflict resolution in primates. Moreover, the empirical evidence on the reconciliatory behavior has contributed significantly to the study of complex social interactions of primates.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the empirical evidence, the foundations and development of this concept since it was first applied to the study of nonhuman primates to their conception in the current primatological research.

Alejandro Rosas. Universidad Nacional de Colombia

 Moral Polymorphism: Everyday moral agents appear to be guided by emotional aversions or propensities rather than by a calculated constraint; on the other hand, deceitful egoists are calculative but their success is severely limited. R. Frank argued in “Passions within Reason” that it depends on a feat of self-control that is rather difficult to attain without the moral emotions. Without them, selfish agents are easily tempted to blunders that betray their deceitful nature. They are then easy prey to punishing moral agents. It seems likely that these two strategies have undergone a fierce competition in evolution, similar to one going on between predators and prey or parasites and hosts (deceitful egoists are parasites because they cannot exist without moral agents). Natural selection, I argue, optimizes the mechanisms for social interaction by designing either moral or selfish strategies and adjusting their proportions in equilibrium in a polymorphic population.

Jorge Martínez-Contreras. Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-I

 Savage Human Sexuality: Is there a savage human sexuality, a reproductive sexuality that needs no learning to be performed, as it happens in many non-human animals? In the positive case, how is it performed? In the negative case, how is it taught? The concept of savage and, especially, the probable natural general behavior –social, cognitive, sexual, etc.- of non-European societies, but also among feral children –raised by animals or that survived without any human contact- has been a subject of great philosophical interest since the Seventeenth Century. For the rationalists it would be the possibility to know how God created humans in the first place; for the empiricists it would a manifestation of the tabula rasa. The practical information on the subject came from travelers and, only at the beginning of the XX^th C., by scientists (Malinowski). With the development of comparative primatological studies, especially on anthropoids, two fields of comparative studies have emerged: the study of the reasons and importance of non-reproductive sexuality in mammal societies, especially among primates, whales, etc., and the evolutionary reasons of extra-specific sexuality. Have we got today real answers to that question?

Nei Freitas Nunes-Neto*, Argyris Arnellos** & Charbel Niño El-Hani*. *Federal University of  Bahia. **University of the Aegean

Etiological and organizational perspectives on function: In this paper, we intend to discuss the distinction between etiological and organizational perspectives on function, analyzing two distinct theories related to each perspective: Wright’s selectionist etiological approach and Godfrey-Smith’s modern history theory of functions, in the case of the etiological perspective; and Cummins’ functional analysis and Collier’s interactivist approach to function, among organizational accounts. We will explore differences and similarities between these theories and the broader perspectives on function, arguing for a particular way of understanding the consensus without unity in debates about function. While explaining these two accounts of function, we will also deal with the relationship between this concept and other important biological concepts, such as adaptation, selection, complexity, and autonomy. We will also advance an argument for the limits and prospects of the explanatory role of function in evolution. By arguing that changes in functionality are always grounded on changes in systems’ organization, we will show that function can never explain the origins of traits. Nevertheless, it can explain the spread of traits in populations, but only when we are dealing with functionally novel traits. Finally, we will stress that organizational accounts of function are needed to understand how new functions appear by means of changes in systems’ organization.

Eugenio Andrade*, Maximiliano Martínez** & Sergio Martínez***.  *Universidad Nacional de Colombia. **Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-C. ***Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico

Constraints, path dependence, and the phylotypic stage: Developmental constraints are located at the interface between evolution and development; their treatment is critical for the consolidation of EvoDevo. Despite huge theoretical work done about constraints over the last two decades, it is still a controversial topic that involves some significant terminological and factual misunderstandings. In this paper, we will suggest some clarifications regarding the notion of “historical constraint.” Our proposal will be developed on three basic points: a) the analysis of the internal vs. external distinction when applied to constraints, b) the notion of path dependence as a useful tool to capture the positive role of constraints in evolution, and c) some recent empirical work on the phylotypic stage.

Carlos López Beltrán*& Vivette García Deister**. *Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. **University of Manchester

The Mexican mestizo: a life in science: The colonial category of the “mestizo” (the descendant of combined Indian and Spanish ancestry) was appropriated as an ideological carrier of Mexican national identity in the aftermath of the Mexican Revolution. During the 20^th century the indian-mestizo axis served as an organizer of ethnical interactions and state populational policies. Scientists, especially anthropologists and physicians, reinforced this dualistic taxonomy in their human populational research. The succession of biotechnologies and racialized markers from serology, immunology, genetics and, more recently, genomics, has produced differential descriptions of  the indian an the mestizo. Genetics and genomics have been instrumental in the construction of a scientifically-supported notion of the mestizo rooted in percentages of admixture. In recent years we have witnessed the rise of two particular technoscientific objects that we call the molecular and the bioinformatic mestizos. In this paper we describe the interactions between the ideological and scientific incarnations of the mestizo and we propose a cartography that situates them all.

El enlace de la ISHPSSB es http://www.ishpssb.org/

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Contratapa:

Editores/Editors/Editores

César Lorenzano, Universidad Nacional de Tres de Febrero, Argentina

Pablo Lorenzano, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes/ CONICET, Argentina

Consejo Editorial/Editorial Board/Conselho Editorial

Valter Alnis Bezerra, Universidade Federal do ABC, Brasil

Otávio Bueno, University of Miami, Estados Unidos

Walmir Cardoso, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, Brasil

Christián Carman, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes/ CONICET, Argentina

Mario Casanueva, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, México

José A. Díez, Universidad de Barcelona, España

José Luis Falguera, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, España

Roman Frigg, London School of Economics, Reino Unido

Santiago Ginnobili, Universidad de Buenos Aires/ Universidad Nacional de Quilmes/ CONICET, Argentina

Carlos López Beltrán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México

Vol. I, Nº 1

Artículos / Articles / Artigos:

Wesley C. Salmon, The Causal Structure of the World

C. Ulises Moulines, The Nature and Structure of Scientific Theories

Ricardo J. Gómez, Lenguaje y elección de teorías: contra la historia oficial

Álvaro J. Peláez Cedrés, Sobre la idea de un a priori formal constitutivo en el Aufbau de Carnap

Eduardo L. Ortiz, On the Impact of Philosophical Conceptions on Mathematical Research: The Case of Babbage and Condillac

Documentos Fudamentales / Fundamental Documents / Documentos Fundamentais:

Prólogo de T. S. Kuhn a la traducción inglesa de Entstehung und Entwicklung einer wissenschaftlichen Tatsache de Ludwick Fleck

César Lorenzano, Presentación de “Prólogo de T. S. Kuhn a la traducción inglesa de Genesis and Development of a Scientific Fact de Ludwick Fleck”. Los orígenes fleckianos del pensamiento de Kuhn

Traducción de: Kuhn, T.S., “Prologue” to Fleck, L., Genesis and Development of a Scientific Fact

Acceso a  la revista

A Filosofia da Biologia teve um desenvolvimento extraordinário nas últimas décadas, e os capítulos deste livro abordam, os tópicos que vêm sendo objeto dos mais intensos debates e cujo tratamento requer o concurso de vários tipos de competências e especialidades. Em textos inéditos, preparados especialmente para este livro, filósofos e biólogos de vários países da América Latina foram convidados a apresentar, em um esforço integrado, os resultados das suas pesquisas sobre os fundamentos da biologia, visando impulsionar ainda mais o trabalho que vem sendo realizado e atrair novos pesquisadores e estudantes para uma temática fascinante e desafiadora. Com o intuito de fazer desta obra uma referência não só para a pesquisa, mas também para o ensino, há uma preocupação em atender aqueles que se confrontam pela primeira vez com a Filosofia da Biologia. Não somente os autores de cada capítulo buscam oferecer os subsídios necessários para que esses leitores possam acompanhar a argumentação aí desenvolvida mas, além disso, o livro é desenhado de modo a favorecer uma complementaridade entre os vários capítulos, resultando em um tratamento consistente da rica produção atual nessa área. Uma das características mais originais deste livro é o espaço generoso reservado à exploração de questões que se situam nas interfaces entre a Biologia, a Psicologia e a Antropologia. A Filosofia é chamada a cumprir um dos seus papéis mais tradicionais, a saber, o de aproximar áreas do conhecimento científico e contribuir para que haja um maior trânsito entre abordagens, teorias e linguagens, compensando a tendência à especialização e ao isolamento.

SUMÁRIO

Cap. 1. Introdução: O que é filosofia da biologia? – Paulo C. Abrantes (Universidade de Brasília)

Cap. 2. Reducionismo em biologia: uma tomografia da relação biologia-sociedade – Sérgio F. Martínez (Universidade Nacional Autônoma do México)

Cap. 3. Leis e teorias em biologia – Pablo Lorenzano (Universidade Nacional de Quilmes)

Cap. 4. Função e explicações funcionais em biologia – Karla Chediak (Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro)

Cap. 5. O problema da espécie 150 anos depois de A Origem – Favio González (Universidad Nacional da Colômbia)

Cap. 6. A classificação biológica: de espécies a genes – Natalia Pabón-Mora (Jardim Botânico de Nova York) e Favio González (Universidad Nacional da Colômbia)

Cap. 7. A contingência dos padrões de organização biológica: superando a dicotomia entre pensamento tipológico e populacional – Maximiliano Martínez Bohórquez (Instituto de Investigaciones Filosóficas, UNAM) e Eugenio Andrade (Universidade Nacional da Colômbia)

Cap. 8. Adaptacionismo – Claudia Sepúlveda (Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana), Diogo Meyer (Universidade de São Paulo) e Charbel Niño El-Hani (Universidade Federal da Bahia)

Cap. 9. Níveis e unidades de seleção: o pluralismo e seus desafios filosóficos – Estela Santilli (Universidade de Buenos Aires)

Cap. 10. Aproximação epistemológica à biologia evolutiva do desenvolvimento – Gustavo Caponi (Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina)

Cap. 11. O modelo primatológico de cultura – Jorge Martínez-Contreras (Universidade Autônoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa)

Cap. 12. Genes, seleção natural e comportamento humano: a mente adaptada da Psicologia Evolucionista – Ricardo Waizbort (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz) e Filipe Cavalcanti da Silva Porto (Colégio de Aplicação da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro)

Cap. 13. Evolução humana: a teoria da dupla herança – Paulo C. Abrantes (Universidade de Brasília) e Fábio Portela L. Almeida (Universidade de Brasília)

Cap. 14. Ética evolucionista: o enfoque adaptacionista da cooperação humana – Alejandro Rosas (Universidade Nacional da Colômbia)

Acceso a la versión original en la página de la revista

Resumen:

El tema de este trabajo es la reconstrucción de la teoría de la selección natural darwiniana. Me propongo esbozar la ley fundamental de esta teoría de manera informal a partir de sus aplicaciones en El origen de las especies de Darwin y presentar sus conceptos fundamentales. Presentaré la red teórica de leyes especiales que surgen de la especialización de esta ley fundamental. Supondré el estructuralismo como marco metateórico. Señalaré también algunas consecuencias que mi propuesta tiene sobre ciertas discusiones metateóricas en torno a la teoría y, finalmente, relacionaré mi reconstrucción con otras reconstrucciones disponibles.

Palabras claves: Darwin – Teoría de la evolución – Estructuralismo metateórico – Reconstrucción – Ley fundamental – Selección natural

The Darwinian Theory of Natural Selection

Abstract:

This paper is about the reconstruction of the Darwinian Theory of Natural Selection. My aim here is to outline the fundamental law of this theory in an informal way from its applications in The Origin of Species and to make explicit its fundamental concepts. I will introduce the theory-nets of special laws that arise from the specialization of the fundamental law. I will suppose the metatheoretical structuralist frame. I will also point out many consequences that my proposal has about a few metatheoritical discussions around the theory and, finally, I will relate my propose with others available reconstructions.

Keywords: Darwin – Theory of evolution – Metatheoretic structuralism – Fundamental law – Natural selection

XVI CONGRESO INTERAMERICANO DE FILOSOFÍA

La Sociedad Interamericana de Filosofía y la Asociación Filosófica de México, con el apoyo del Gobierno del estado de Sinaloa y la Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, convocan a la comunidad filosófica a participar en el

XVI CONGRESO INTERAMERICANO DE FILOSOFÍA

con el tema “Diálogo de lenguas y culturas”, que se llevará a cabo del 28 de noviembre al 3 de diciembre de 2010 en las instalaciones del Mazatlán International Center, Sinaloa.

Subtemas

1. Democracia, diálogo y argumentación
2. Multiculturalismo hoy
3. Reflexiones sobre la filosofía latinoamericana
4. Las humanidades en la actualidad
5. Problemas de filosofía moral y política
6. Ciencia, técnica y sociedad
7. Globalización
8. Las Américas a la luz del Bicentenario de sus independencias

Lineamientos organizativos:

A.- La fecha límite para la recepción de propuestas de coloquios y de ponencias individuales será el próximo 30 de mayo.

B.- Requisitos de las propuestas

Propuestas de simposio (Formato de propuesta)

a) Título del simposio y subtema al que se somete.

b) Nombre completo e institución del coordinador* y de todos los participantes*.

c) Correo electrónico del coordinador y de todos los participantes**.

d) Un resumen, tanto del simposio como de cada una de las ponencias, en un máximo de 250 palabras, más cuatro palabras clave.

e) Bastará bajar de la página en red de la SIF (congresointeramericano.org.mx) el archivo “Plantilla-SIF-XVI-Propuesta.dot”, y SOBRESCRIBIR en cada sección para que el formato se respete.

Propuestas de ponencia (ver formato adjunto)

a) Título de la ponencia y subtema al que se propone*.

b) Nombre completo e institución de pertenencia del ponente y, eventualmente, de los co-ponentes.

c) Correo electrónico del ponente y co-ponentes, en su caso**.

d) Un resumen, tanto del simposio como de cada una de las ponencias, en un máximo de 250 palabras, más cuatro palabras clave.

e) Bastará bajar de la página en red de la SIF el archivo “Plantilla- SIF-XVI-Propuesta.dot”, y SOBRESCRIBIR en cada sección para que el formato se respete.

* Sólo se podrá ser coordinador de un simposio (CS) y ponente principal de una ponencia. Un ponente o CS podrá ser también un conferenciante invitado.

** La correspondencia tendrá lugar sólo por correo electrónico.

LAS PROPUESTAS QUE NO REÚNAN LOS REQUISITOS ARRIBA CITADOS NO SERÁN RECIBIDAS.

C.- Fecha de aceptación. A los titulares de los proyectos aceptados se les notificará antes del 30 de junio.

D.- Las ponencias aceptadas deberán entregarse in extenso a más tardar el 30 de agosto, con las siguientes características.

a)     Tendrán un máximo de 4,500 palabras, INCLUYENDO, un resumen de cuatro líneas, cuatro palabras clave y referencias sólo de obras citadas. Bastará bajar de la página en red de la SIF el archivo “Plantilla-SIF-XVI-pon-inextenso.dot” y SOBRESCRIBIR en cada parte para que el formato se respete

b)     Las citas se harán de acuerdo a ese mismo formato, en la sección que corresponde.

c)      Tiempos (en promedio)- Cada ponencia durará un promedio de 20 minutos. Se dedicarán 10 minutos a preguntas y respuestas con el público.

d)     Correspondencia: toda la correspondencia deberá dirigirse a: info@congresointeramericano.org.mx

E.- Cuotas de inscripción:

• Estudiantes y miembros de la Asociación Filosófica de México al corriente en sus pagos: $50.00 USD
• Participantes en general, ya sea que presenten ponencias o bien que requieran constancia: $200.00 USD
• Para quienes no deseen constancia, la entrada será libre.

G.- Hoteles. Pronto recibirán información sobre la agencia que se ocupará de la reservación de los alojamientos.

NO SE ACEPTARÁN PONENCIAS IN EXTENSO QUE NO REÚNAN ESTOS REQUISITOS.

LOS COORDINADORES SE RESERVAN EL DERECHO DE INCLUIR PONENCIAS EN LOS COLOQUIOS.

PATROCINAN

Asociación Filosófica de México, Círculo Mexicano de Profesores de Filosofía,

El Colegio de Sinaloa, Gobierno del Estado de Sinaloa, Instituto de Cultura de Sinaloa, Secretaría de Educación Pública, Siglo XXI Editores, Sociedad Interamericana de Filosofía, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Universidad de Occidente, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.

PRESIDENTES HONORARIOS:

Jesús Aguilar Padilla

Gobernador del Estado

Luis Villoro Toranzo

Adolfo Sánchez Vázquez

PRESIDENTE:

Jaime Labastida

DIRECTOR ORGANIZATIVO

Víctor Antonio Corrales Burgueño

COMITÉ ORGANIZADOR

Paulette Dieterlen

Tomás González de Luna

Juliana González

Guillermo Hurtado

Jorge Martínez Contreras

Xóchitl López Molina

Carlos Pereda

Gabriel Vargas Lozano

Ambrosio Velasco Gómez

COORDINADOR LOCAL:

Juan Carlos Ayala Barrón

NOTA: LAS PROPUESTAS SERÁN EVALUADAS POR UNA COMISIÓN ACADÉMICA NOMBRADA POR EL COMITÉ ORGANIZADOR

CONSULTE LAS BASES PRÓXIMAMENTE EN www.congresointeramericano.org.mx

CONTACTO info@comgresointeramericano.org.mx